Explore SS-31 dosage trends, reconstitution volumes, and vial size patterns from anonymized WPA peptide calculator sessions.
SS-31 (elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant peptide that selectively concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane via cardiolipin binding. This data captures the dose amounts, vial sizes, and bacteriostatic water volumes researchers most commonly select when setting up their SS-31 reconstitution protocol.
SS-31 — also known as elamipretide (development codes Bendavia, MTP-131) — is a synthetic tetrapeptide developed out of the Hazel Szeto and Peter Schiller work at Cornell Medical College in the early 2000s. The molecular logic is unusually elegant. SS-31 is a four-amino-acid sequence (D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-amide, where Dmt is 2,6-dimethyltyrosine) that combines a strong net positive charge with substantial hydrophobicity — the combination drives selective concentration in the inner mitochondrial membrane by electrostatic binding to cardiolipin, the negatively charged mitochondrial-specific phospholipid that organizes the electron transport chain complexes.
SS-31 (elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeted research peptide most often sourced for mitochondrial-health and recovery protocols. It ships as a lyophilized powder you reconstitute with bacteriostatic water before use.
Cardiolipin binding by SS-31 preserves cristae architecture, optimizes electron-transport-chain coupling, reduces electron leakage to oxygen, and lowers mitochondrial reactive-oxygen-species generation. The end result is improved ATP synthesis efficiency in dysfunctional mitochondria, which is the basis for its pursuit in primary mitochondrial disease.
Elamipretide has been evaluated in primary mitochondrial myopathy (MMPOWER-3, Phase 3), heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (PROGRESS-HF), Barth syndrome (TAZPOWER, Phase 2/3), and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. MMPOWER-3 missed its primary endpoint in 2019; subsequent Barth syndrome work supported a pending FDA submission.
SS-31 has a reported half-life of ~2–3 hours, and the dose intervals researchers model most often fall around once daily (subcutaneous). A few-hour plasma half-life means elamipretide clears between daily doses, but it concentrates in mitochondria where its effect outlasts the blood level. It is catalogued under Performance Peptides on WPA.
3,568 SS-31 reconstitution calculations have been logged by the WPA community. The most common dose entered is 5mg (830 calculations). The median dose across all sessions is 2mg. The most common bacteriostatic water volume is 2mL. The most popular vial size is 10mg (1,759 sessions). The most common dosing frequency is daily (7x/week) (325 logged protocols), followed by once weekly (253).
These figures come from anonymized WPA peptide calculator sessions.
All figures shown are aggregated from anonymized calculator inputs and are provided strictly for independent laboratory research and educational purposes. They are community usage statistics — not dosing recommendations, and not medical advice.